Japan also has a katakana characters used to write the vocabulary that comes from outside Japan, such as the stranger's name, name of the State (except for Chinese and Korean), etc.. If dibandingakan with hiragana characters, katakana characters look more rigid.| ア a | イ i | ウ u | エ e | オ o |
| カ ka | キ ki | ク I | ケ to | コ ko |
| サ sa | シ shi | ス su | セ se | ソ so |
| タ ta | チ chi | ツ tsu | テ te | ト to |
| ナ na | ニ ni | ヌ nu | ネ ne | ノ no |
| ハ ha | ヒ hi | フ fu | ヘ he | ホ ho |
| マ ma | ミ mi | ム mu | メ me | モ mo |
| ヤ yes | ユ yu | ヨ yo | ||
| ラ ra | リ ri | ル ru | レ re | ロ ro |
| ン n | ヲ o |
Additional letters
| ガ ga | ギ gi | グ gu | ゲ ge | ゴ go |
| ザ za | ジ ji | ズ zu | ゼ ze | ゾ zo |
| ダ da | デ de | ド do | ||
| バ ba | ビ bi | ブ bu | ベ be | ボ bo |
| パ pa | ピ pi | プ pu | ペ pe | ポ po |
Joint letter
| ヤ (yes) | ユ (yu) | ヨ (yo) | |
| キ (ki) | キャ kya | キュ kyu | キョ kyo |
| シ (shi) | シャ sha | シュ shu | ショ sho |
| チ (chi) | チャ cha | チュ chu | チョ cho |
| ニ (ni) | ニャ its | ニュ NYU | ニョ Nyo |
| ヒ (hi) | ヒャ (hya) | ヒュ (hyu) | ヒョ (hyo) |
| ミ (mi) | ミャ (mya) | ミュ (Myu) | ミョ (myo) |
| リ (ri) | リャ (RYA) | リュ (ryu) | リョ (ryo) |
| ぎ (gi) | ぎゃ (Gya) | ぎゅ (gyu) | ぎょ (gyo) |
| じ (ji) | じゃ (jya) | じゅ (jyu) | じょ (jyo) |
| ぴ (bi) | びゃ (bya) | びゅ (BYU) | びょ (BYO) |
| ぴ (pi) | ぴゃ (pya) | ぴゅ (pyu) | ぴょ (pyo) |
Katakana are two basic letters in Japanese. In contrast to that has many uses hiragana, katakana main purpose is to write the word uptake of foreign languages in Japanese .
Although widely used for the word uptake, also has the use of katakana in the Japanese context of everyday life. For example, for the purposes of administration (filing), the writing of the name, and also for entry to read on ( on-yomi ) kanji in the dictionary.
Katakana is also used to emphasize the passion / interest. Usage is common in magazines and brochures promoting the Japanese language.
There is also the usability side of the katakana, the writing onomatopeia (sound effects). This I will discuss briefly in the next section.
List of katakana characters, and how to read it, can be seen as follows:
Set Modern Katakana (Extended Katakana)
In addition to the already mentioned above, there are also added to say that the modern era. These letters serve transliterate foreign language words that are not covered by the tribal sounds of traditional katakana characters (eg: "ve", "rye", "kwa", etc..).
The list can be viewed as follows:
Terms Writing Katakana
Write the rules say about the same as hiragana. Nevertheless, there are few differences, namely in the number (3):
- First of all: arrange the letters to form the desired word
- Thick consonants are represented by the letter 'tsu' small
- Long vowels represented a dash (ー)
(Obviously)
Example:
- ハック
(my right)
= (HA) (TSU) (KU)
= HACK (English)
- スタート
(SUTAATO)
= (SU) (TA) (ー) (TO)
= START (English)
When Using Katakana?
As already mentioned at the beginning, say the main uses for uptake and write words of foreign terms.Included in it are the names of objects and places that are not from Japan.
Example:
ブリタニア
(BURITANIA)
= Britanniaコンピュータ
(KONPYUUTA)
= Computerミネラル
(MINERARU)
= Mineral
Can also be transliterated name of the person using katakana - although for the sake of formal non-Japanese names are usually written with Latin letters.
Examples include:
エミリ
(Emiri)
= Emilyルナマリア·ホーク
(RUNAMARIA HOOKU)
= Lunamaria Hawkeヴィマリアンヌ· ·ブリタニア
(VI MARIANNU BURITANIA)
= Marianne vi Britannia
In essence, all the words / terms / names derived from foreign languages are written using katakana. Maybe you could say that katakana is "foreign representative" in Japanese.
Other usability: Writing Onomatopeia
Katakana are also often used to produce onomatopeia (sound effects) in the text, especially for the harsh noise / jerking. In the Indonesian language, more or less like writing "dug-dug" to describe the heart rate.
This common usage for SFX in various manga. So, if you've seen the letters SFX are not translated in scanslation , almost certainly the letters are written with katakana.
Example:
ガツ
(GATSU)
= the sound of the beat, cf. 'GATS' or 'bats'ゴゴゴゴゴ...
(GOGOGOGOGO ...)
= the sound of explosions, cf. 'Bam-bam-bam'ドクン
(DOKUN)
= the sound of sudden heart rate, cf. 'Dugg'etc..
In the same way, say can also be used to describe the cry (cf. "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!"). It is also interesting to note that the katakana is generally translated as ALL CAPS in Latin letters; parallel to how we use ALL CAPS for the sound effects in various translations. (Eg "Dugg", "Crash", "BAM", etc..)
Final Note
Based on the discussion of writing the first and second parts, then we can draw conclusions about the two letters that have been discussed kana, hiragana and katakana namely:
Hiragana
- Is a basic letter in Japanese
- Used to their grammatical, eg form a class of words (okurigana) and write the particle
- Also used to explain how to read kanji (furigana)
- Hiragana is also used to write the honorific like-san,-kun,-chan, and-tan. No honorific written with katakana.
Katakana
- Are letters used to write foreign words and names uptake
- Often also used to simulate the sound effects / onomatopeia
- The resulting impression is katakana emphasis / suppression, identical with italic or ALL CAPS in Latin letters
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